> How do "points" work in older cars?

How do "points" work in older cars?

Posted at: 2015-01-07 
Can someone please explain points and how it works?

If you put the answers together and sift out the parts that don't agree you should have a pretty good idea. More stuff: some engines had dual points; one closed first and the other opened first. The Detomasso Pantera had dual points, which IIRC were a Mallory idea.

"Condenser" was an unfortunate name for the capacitor used across the points. Condenser is an archaic term for capacitor, dating back to Ben Franklin's experiments with "electrical fluid." We don't think of electrical fluid any more so there is nothing to condense. The inductance of the coil and the capacitor don't actually form a resonant circuit, they are a pulse forming circuit. Most important, the capacitor gives the points time to open before the inductance of the coil can increase the voltage enough to waste the energy in arcing. The voltage produced across the points by the collapsing magnetic field of the primary is hundreds of volts.

The first reliable battery operated ignition was developed by the Dayton Engineering Laboratories Co. (Delco) and introduced in the 1910 Cadillac. This ignition was developed by Charles Kettering and was a wonder in its day. It consisted of a single coil, points (the switch), a capacitor and a distributor set up to allocate the spark from the ignition coil timed to the correct cylinder. The coil was basically a transformer to step up the low battery voltage (6 or 12 V) to the high ignition voltage required to jump a spark plug gap.

The points allow the coil magnetic field to build and then, when the points are opened by a cam arrangement, the magnetic field collapses and a large voltage (20 kV or greater) is produced. The capacitor has two functions: 1) it absorbs the back EMF from the magnetic field in the coil to minimize point contact burning and maximize point life; and 2) it forms a resonant circuit with the ignition coil transferring further energy to the secondary side until the energy is exhausted.[2] The Kettering system became the primary ignition system for many years in the automotive industry due to its lower cost, higher reliability and relative simplicity.

Points are essentially a mechanically operated electrical switch (or contactor). The points turn the ignition coil on and off electrically, and that makes high voltage, which makes a spark in the spark plug(s). This is the simplest explanation.

There is more involved. A multi-lobed cam (in the distributor, where the points are located) which turns and the lobes make the points open and close. A condenser which protects the electrical contacts of the points. A rotor and distributor cap which direct the high voltage spark to the various spark plugs.

Contact 'points' get opened and closed, like an electrical switch, by the turning rotor of the distributer (therefore breaking and making the low voltage circuit which the ignition coil changes up to high voltage) for the timing of voltage firing of the spark plug for each cylinder. Contacts Points need to be in good condition\changed and therefore must be gap set to open up a little and close. On average he gap is around 0.020 of and inch which is about the thickness of a cigarette box cardboard. Bad or unclosing or un-opening loose points will cause no spark and\or misfires and non running or rough running low power etc

A cam in the distributor rotates with the cam shaft. There are lobes that cause the points to open and close. The points are wired so that they ground the coil. A 12V wire is connected to the coil through the ignition switch. There is a condenser (capacitor) wired across the points. When the cam shaft is spinning, the points open and close. When the points are closed, current flows through the coil. When the points open, the current quits flowing through the coil and causes voltage in the secondary winding, which provides the spark. The capacitor prevents the points from burning from making and breaking contact, and caused the voltage to collapse quicker in the coil so that you get a hotter spark.

Without getting too technical, in an auto engine before electronic ignition, removing the distributor cap you'll see a small prong like arm with a tiny plastic sensor. This nearly rubs against a octagon nut on the distributor stem because it's adjusted to a specific gap. When the engine runs, the prong sparks maintaining specific rpms in rhe engine which aids in the sparking of the plugs, moving the pistons providing combustion to move the camshaft.

The condenser and points act together to build the coil charge when the points are closed. When the points open the condenser shears the electrical circuit to prevent points from burning AND collapses the ignition coil to fire high voltage electricity from the rotor to the distributor cap, ignition wire then the spark plug.

There is NO capacitor in a points style ignition system.

think of points as the light switch in you room. when the points are closed, current flows through the primary circuit. this generates a magnetic field. that field saturates the primary and secondary windings, when the points open, current stops and that field collapses on both windings. that generates a high voltage. it is high enough to create a a spark on both of those circuits to the point that electrons will still jump a small enough gap like the spark plug gap. the primary has that issue also but the condenser is used to absorb that to preserve the life of those points.

They cause voltage to flow and stop flowing in the primary windings in the ignition coil, inducing current flow there. That voltage is increased in the secondary windings of the ignition coil. You start with 12 volts and increase to 10,000 volts or more. That's enough for a spark sufficient to ignite pressurized fuel and air by a spark plug. There's more to it, depending on the different models, but basically that's how it works.

Why not just google "points ignition"

Can someone please explain points and how it works?

google point initiation...

Please under no circumstances "google" it.



Please read and learn.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributor

There was also a ballast resistor in the ignition system. When the key was turned to start, all 12V was fed to the + side of the coil. When the key was let go to run, the ballast resistor was in series with coil, dropping the voltage to about 9V going to the coil. This still provided plenty of spark, and reduced wear on the points and heat on the coil.